08 December 2023
This glossary lists the terms and definitions related to Digimarc digital watermarks and associated documentation. This glossary is intended to be a global reference for all important terminology.
This glossary is intended to be a companion document for Digimarc technical specifications and guidelines and provide consistency across Digimarc product documentation. Because Digimarc technology is new to the AIDC industry, it introduces new terms to explain how to construct and measure the quality of the Digimarc digital watermark data carrier. Readers will find it helpful to consult this glossary as a reference for terms in Digimarc specifications and guidelines. This glossary also includes relevant terms from barcode standards and the image processing field useful in understanding Digimarc digital watermark technology.
Term | Definition | Notes | Source |
2-Dimensional Symbology | optically readable symbols that must be examined both vertically and horizontally to read the entire message | Two-dimensional symbols include two types: matrix symbols and multi-row symbols. Two-dimensional symbols commonly have error detection and may include error correction features. Digimarc digital watermarks have some similar properties to two-dimensional matrix symbols. | GENSPECS |
Access Role | a permission template that can be assigned to an Application User or group of users | EVRYTHNG | |
Account | the first resource encountered on the EVRYTHNG Platform is an account, which is created when you sign up for a free account |
This is needed for you to login to the Dashboard and send requests to our API. All the resources (Thngs, products, applications) you create are stored and linked in your account. Each account has a unique Operator API key. | EVRYTHNG |
Action | an event sent to the Platform on behalf of a user in an application on a Thng or product, at a given place and time |
For example, when a product is scanned or an 'on' command is sent to a device. Actions can be used to record the activity of users within applications. | EVRYTHNG |
Action Type | an action type can be regarded as the class of an individual action, much in the same way that a product is used to model the class of individual serialised Thngs |
An Operator can define action types for an account. When defining these action types, it's possible to add specific custom fields in order to customize these actions on the Dashboard. | EVRYTHNG |
Active Digital Identity (ADI) | a permanent and globally unique cloud resource that holds information about a physical object or Thng in the form of dynamic and static attributes. | For example, an ADI can encompass a unique Thng, and all its attributes, properties, and history. | EVRYTHNG |
API Key | a string that allows authenticated access to the Platform and its features through the API | On the EVRYTHNG Platform, there are five kinds of API keys:
| EVRYTHNG |
Application | represents a web or native client that interacts with the EVRYTHNG Platform | Developers can create multiple applications inside their projects. | EVRYTHNG |
Application Identifier (AI) | numeric prefix code used to attribute meaning to data encoded within a barcode symbol | Aside from denoting the meaning, this prefix also indicates the format of the data that follows it (data field). There are AIs for identification, traceability, dates, quantity, measurements, locations, and many other information types. | GENSPECS |
Application Ratings | 5-star quality rating system to help users select and compare an artwork's suitability for specific uses | DMRC | |
Application User | the end users of your applications | Applications can create Application Users that are unique to each application. Unlike Operators, Application Users have no direct access to the EVRYTHNG API or Dashboard. | EVRYTHNG |
Art Element |
individual component (for example, layer) of artwork or a graphic | ||
Artwork | elements of design and text that makeup packaging, labels, or other visual media, in which a Digimarc digital watermark is or will be included | ||
Attribute Data | data that provides additional information about a product identified with a GS1 identification key, such as batch/lot number and serial number, associated with a primary key like the Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) or another GS1 key. Attribute data can be encoded in GS1 element string and GS1 Digital Link URI syntax | GS1GUIDE | |
Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC) | methods of machine identification of objects, including collecting data about them and entering such data directly into computer systems | Technologies typically considered as part of AIDC include barcodes, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), biometrics (like iris and facial recognition systems), magnetic stripes, optical character recognition (OCR), smart cards, and voice recognition. | |
Barcode | generic term for an optically machine-readable pattern that encodes data in a way that is generally not recognizable to human observation | Barcodes include one-dimensional symbols that encode data into a machine-readable pattern of adjacent, varying width, parallel, dark rectangular bars and pale spaces, and 2-Dimensional Symbols that encode data in the X and Y-axes (sometimes referred to as a 2D barcode), for example, in the case of a QR Code, Data Matrix, and Digimarc digital watermark. | |
Batch | allows the creation of many Thngs at once on the EVRYTHNG Platform | EVRYTHNG | |
Binary Enhancement | enhancement technique in which Digimarc digital watermark is formed into a pattern of individual dots of a contrasting color distributed into an area of solid color | Binary enhancement may be either positive or negative. A positive pattern comprises dark dots on a lighter background. A negative pattern comprises light dots or holes in a darker background. | DMRC |
Binary Image | digital image that has only two possible values for each pixel | Typically, the two colors used for a binary image are black and white but can be a spot color and contrasting color. The color used for the object(s) in the image is the foreground color, while the rest of the image is the background color. Binary images are also called bi-tonal, bi-level, or two-level. | |
Binary Pattern | form of Digimarc digital watermark comprised of a sparse pattern of dots | fka Sparse mark | DMRC |
Call To Action (CTA) | text, graphics, or iconography intended to induce a viewer to perform a specific act, typically taking the form of an instruction or directive related to scanning with a mobile device | ||
Check Digit | digit added to a string of numbers for error detection purposes, typically computed from the other digits in the string | GENSPECS | |
Chrominance (Chroma) | signal used in image systems to convey the color information of a picture separately from luminance | See Luminance | |
Chrominance Enhancement | method of creating artwork in which a Digimarc digital watermark is applied by modifying values of pixels in an art element so that the changes in the art element are primarily in chrominance, apart from luminance |
Chrominance enhancement is applied in the MY, MYK, or CMYK channels. Chrominance modification in different channels is designed to minimize luminance changes so that changes are primarily in chrominance, to which the human visual system is less sensitive. | DMRC |
Coarse Scale | ratio between the effective image resolution and the printed resolution of a Digimarc digital watermark |
By defining a coarse scale for a block, you are configuring the block for a specific resolution of the Digimarc digital watermark signal. This effective resolution is a result of the sensor resolution, the lens, scanning distance, and the printed resolution of Digimarc digital watermarks. The ratio between the effective image resolution and the printed resolution of Digimarc digital watermark determines the preferred coarse scale. The coarse scale value for a block applies downsampling to that part of the input image. A coarse scale of 1 results in no downsampling while a coarse scale of 3 results in 3:1 downsampling. | |
Collection | a group of Thngs (or a group of other collections) | Collections can be created by various users, and the same Thng can be in more than one collection. | EVRYTHNG |
Color Channel | pixels storing intensity information for each component color in an image | Digital images commonly have plural color channels - one for each component color. For example, the CMYK color model used in a four-color process ink image has four channels: cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. | |
Color Management Model | algorithm that defines how color image data from one device should be understood by a different device to assure color consistency in their outputs | See ICC Profile | |
Color or Ink Separations | process in which color images are separated into color channels for printing | ||
Color Space Conversion | changing the representation of a color from one color space (for example, RGB) to another (for example, CMYK) | aka color transformation | |
Color Weights | numeric parameters that affect how Digimarc digital watermark is applied to or recovered from color channels of an image |
During enhancement, the color weights spread Digimarc digital watermark into specific color channels. The parameter for Adaptive Color Type controls which of the models is applied. During detection, the color weights are used to assemble Digimarc digital watermark components for decoding from its representation in different color channels. | DMRC |
Common Payload Model (CPM) | structured model for representing all types of Digimarc payloads | Constructed from a named synchronization signal, a named message key, and a protocol version followed by the payload (user-encoded data) representation. Together, these describe the complete context of a Digimarc payload. | DMRC |
Coverage Area | quality metric representing the of an enhanced region that exceeds a fidelity score threshold | DMRC | |
Coverage Detection Map | a two-dimensional array of fidelity scores of fidelity blocks located at uniformly spacedthat provides a visualization of the locations where Digimarc digital watermark is detected, and its robustness at each location | See Fidelity Block, Fidelity Point, Fidelity Score | DMRC |
Coverage Score | average Fidelity Score over a selected region |
See Fidelity Score It indicates how reliably this region of Digimarc digital watermark scans, on a scale of 0 - 100. | DMRC |
CPM Path | a string comprising payload in a data carrier and its metadata | a string of characters representing payload metadata that describes attributes of the Digimarc digital watermark (Digimarc’s Common Payload Model (CPM)), prepended to the payload, used in:
| |
CRC (cyclic redundancy check) | method of detecting (but not correcting) accidental changes to data | See Error Correction Coding | |
Custom fields | developer-defined attributes of a resource, stored in the `customFields` field | See https://dashboard.evrythng.com | EVRYTHNG |
Dashboard | the web interface manipulation of your account and all resources that belong to it | EVRYTHNG | |
GS1 DataBar Expanded | compact 1D or stacked barcodes that can hold additional product attributes such as the weight of fresh foods | The GS1 DataBar family consists of seven symbols: four for use at point-of-sale and three not for use at the point of sale. | GENSPECS |
Decode | recovery of an encoded message from enhanced packaging artwork or printing | DMRC | |
Decoder | software and or hardware module configured to decode a barcode message | GENSPECS | |
Default Front | side of a retail consumer trade item that is used as a starting point to capture dimensional attributes for data alignment | GENSPECS | |
Detect | process of finding, geometrically aligning, and extracting a payload from a Digimarc digital watermark in an image | DMRC | |
Device | a web-connected Thng, such as a smart plug socket (as opposed to a Thng, which is identified with a 2D printed code) | EVRYTHNG | |
Digimarc Barcode | DMRC | ||
Digimarc Barcode Count | coverage area divided by tile size rounded up to the nearest integer |
See Coverage Area and Tile 75WPI Example: 10in2of 75WPI coverage area 150WPI Example: | DMRC |
Digimarc Digital Watermark | novel data carrier that encodes data in media in ways that are generally imperceptible to people, permitting the carrier to be repeated many times over the surface of the Enhanced media. It delivers unprecedented ease of use, reliability, and efficiency in identifying the media due to massive mathematical and graphical redundancy. Formerly called Digimarc Barcode | Alternate definition: two-dimensional optical data carrier comprised of spatially repeated tiles integrated into artwork in a manner that is generally imperceptible to the human eye but detectable to enabled camera-based scanners and mobile applications. | DMRC |
Digimarc Platform | a suite of software and services constructed from Identification, Discover(y), IOT Services, and Quality Management for creation and orchestration of automatic identification solutions, enabling developers to create digital identities for media objects and facilitate coordination of end-users and partners | DMRC | |
Digimarc Product Digitization Platform | the cloud-based platform offered by Digimarc for digitizing products and tracing the interactions with them to create new insights into how physical products are produced, distributed, and used by consumers | EVRYTHNG | |
Digimarc QC Details Legend | color pattern added to a package's artwork indicating which separations have been enhanced |
fka Digimarc Enhancement Legend (DEL) The Digimarc QC Details Legend is placed outside the crop marks, similar to a color bar. It reminds press personnel of basic QC processes and instructs them not to mix color separations from different packages. | DMRC |
Digital Assessment | analysis of computer-generated artwork to validate the accuracy of the encoded data and to evaluate the quality of a Digimarc digital watermark | DMRC | |
Digital Identity | information on an entity used by computer systems to represent an external agent, which may be a person, organization, application, device, or item | ISO/IEC 24760-1 defines identity as a "set of attributes related to an entity." | |
Data Carrier | a physical tag that can be applied to a physical product and create a digital connection to the product's Digital Twin in the Digimarc Illuminate platform, for example, QR code, digital watermark, or NFC chip | EVRYTHNG | |
Digital Twin | a digital counterpart of a physical product comprising events and attributes from and about the product. The behavior of the digital twin is customized to deliver an experience that benefits customers and brands across a wide variety of digital applications | EVRYTHNG | |
Digital Watermark | embedded in a noise-tolerant signal such as a digital image, video, or audio file, typically imperceptible to a human observer during normal use | Digimarc refers to the digital data encoded in the data-carrying signal as the Payload. Digital watermark is not explicitly equal to Digimarc Barcode in many circumstances. | |
Digitized Items | a physical product that has a digitally enabled tag applied and has been activated in the Digimarc Illuminate platform | EVRYTHNG | |
Direct Enhancement | method of integrating Digimarc digital watermarks into artwork by subtly altering an existing layer of the artwork | See Overprint Enhancement | DMRC |
Discovery | act of scanning and detecting, or "discovering," machine-readable identifiers, including Digimarc digital watermark, and delivering associated information or advanced functionality or both | DMRC | |
Dots Per Inch (DPI) | measure of two-dimensional spatial dot density of a digital or printed image represented as the number of individual dots that can be placed in a line within the span of 1 inch (2.54 cm) | DPI is used to describe pixel resolution in a digital image and printed dots in a printed image. | |
Dot Density | density of dots per tile in a binary pattern expressed as a percentage of a maximum number of waxels that contain a dot | The maximum number of waxels that can contain a dot marking in a Tile of a binary pattern is 50%. A dot density of 20 means that 10% (20%*50%) of the waxels in a tile contain a dot marking. | DMRC |
Dot Size | width of a dot in pixels at the enhancement resolution in binary enhancement | The enhancement resolution is expressed in pixels at a resolution in DPI. If the WPI is 75, and the enhancement resolution is 300 DPI, then there are 4 by 4 pixels per waxel. Dot size 2, for example, is a dot comprised of two by two pixels. | DMRC |
Dual Marking | inclusion of multiple data carriers on a package to meet advanced use cases while ensuring the basic price look-up use case can be met at all retailers | GS1GUIDE | |
Dynamic Data (Dynamic Attribute Data) | data that is not fixed (not static) across a GTIN and may change | This might include the production date or origin of a product, such as the location and boat where a fish was caught. | GS1GUIDE |
Electronic Product Code (EPC) | standard to provide unique identifiers to products, the canonical representation of an EPC is a URI |
The Electronic Product Code™ (EPC) is syntax forunique identifiers assigned to physical objects, unit loads, locations, orother identifiable entity playing a role in business operations. EPCs have multiple representations, includingbinary forms suitable for use on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, and text formssuitable for data sharing among enterprise information systems. See GS1. | GENSPECS |
Encode | process that converts data into a data carrier | For example, converting a numeric GTIN into the pattern of lines of a 1D barcode or into subtle variations of Digimarc digital watermark within a package's artwork. | |
Enhance | process to integrate Digimarc digital watermark into a label or package artwork, enabling it for scanning | fka embed | DMRC |
Enhancement | result of creating and integrating Digimarc digital watermark into product packaging and other substrates | For example, subtly changing the artwork or sparsely printing to integrate machine-readable data. | DMRC |
Enhancement Resolution | number to describe the size of elements and distance from one another per unit area of an image being enhanced | See Waxels Per Inch | DMRC |
Enhancement Strength | variable intensity setting at which Digimarc watermarks are applied to an image indicating a degree to which artwork color or luminance values are changed by encoding | A higher, or stronger, enhancement strength will be more easily detected by machines and may be more visible to consumers. | DMRC |
Equal Visibility Embedding | varies the embedding strength based on the predicted visibility to achieve equal visibility across the whole image |
This provides some visibility improvement for a significant set of packaging-oriented media. EVE’s runtime increases quadratically, so enabling it does slow the embed process for large images. | |
Error Correction Coding | techniques that enable incorrect data introduced by digital conveyance over noisy communication channels to be corrected | See Repetition Coding and Convolutional Coding | |
Error Detection Coding | techniques that enable specific errors introduced by conveyance of digital data over noisy communication channels to be identified | See CRC | |
Fidelity | robustness quality parameter of Digimarc digital watermark measured by assessing message and synchronization components in enhanced artwork | DMRC | |
Fidelity Block | configurable image excerpt over which a Fidelity Score is measured |
See Fidelity Score The size of a fidelity block, which is made up of message and synchronization components, is a configurable parameter, currently set to be the size of a tile. | DMRC |
Fidelity Point |
center of a Fidelity Block, with which a Fidelity Score for that block is associated | See Fidelity Block and Fidelity Score | DMRC |
Fidelity Score |
quantitative measure of scan performance at a point based on assessing detection of Digimarc digital watermark components at that point | DMRC | |
Fidelity Score Step Size | uniform X and Y spacing of Fidelity Points within enhanced artwork, at which Fidelity Scores are computed to construct a Coverage Detection Map | See Fidelity Point, Fidelity Score, andCoverage Detection Map | DMRC |
Fidelity Score Threshold | application-specific Fidelity Score level used to establish the Coverage Area | See Fidelity Score and Coverage Area | DMRC |
Filter | most API end-points support filtering to retrieve or edit only a subset of resources that match certain criteria | EVRYTHNG | |
GS1 | not-for-profit organization that develops and maintains global standards for business communication |
Best known of these standards is the 1D barcode EAN/UPC. See GS1 | |
GS1 Digital Link | GS1 Standard, including a syntax that defines how to encode GS1 Application Identifiers into a barcode in a URL format | GS1 GUIDE | |
GS1 Digital Link URI | URL that conforms to the structure (syntax) defined in the GS1 Digital Link standard | GS1 GUIDE | |
GTIN (Global Trade Item Number) | GS1 identification key used to identify trade items, comprising a GS1 Company Prefix, an item reference, and check digit | ||
High-Reflectance Color | one of various colors that mostly reflects rather than absorbs the 660 nm red light wavelength commonly used by scanners to illuminate packages. |
Such colors appear to a red light scanner as white or as light shades of gray. 660 nm is the light color specified for measuring the print quality of GS1 symbologies. | DMRC |
Human Readable Interpretation (HRI) | data characters, such as letters and numbers, which can be read by people and which are encoded in AIDC data carriers |
See AIDC GS1 defines a standard structure and format. The human-readable interpretation is generally a one-to-one illustration of the encoded data. | GENSPECS |
ICC Profile | set of data that characterizes a color input or output device, or a color space, according to standards promulgated by the International Color Consortium (ICC) for color management | ||
Identifier Recognition | lets you identify EVRYTHNG products and Thngs directly from any web or native application |
fka SCANTHNG Identifier Recognition allows a user to take a picture of an object, a QR code, or a barcode and recognize it as an EVRYTHNG product or Thng. | EVRYTHNG |
Image Scanner (Imager) | electronic device to read barcodes and convert them into multi-level digital signals understandable by a computer device |
Imagers generally use 1D or 2D CCD or CMOS sensors to capture the optical data. Many imagers are equipped to read Digimarc digital watermarks or can be updated to do so. | |
Industry 4.0 | name for the current (circa 2020) trend of automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies, including cyber-physical systems, the internet of things, cloud computing and cognitive computing, and creating the smart factory | ||
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) | independent, non-governmental organization, the members of which are the standards organizations of the 164 member countries | ISO is the world's largest developer of voluntary international standards and facilitates world trade by providing common standards between nations. | |
Jobs |
the Jobs API allows the EVRYTHNG Platform to execute asynchronous long-running jobs, creating or updating many resources on the Digimarc Platform, Jobs are used to track events and associated data about the production of packaging artwork |
For example, applying an action to a group of Thngs. A packaging watermark (or Custom Data) can have one or more Jobs associated with it | EVRYTHNG |
Linear Scanner (Laser Scanner) | laser-based scanners developed to scan linear barcodes—the traditional Point of Sale (POS) scanner | Linear scanners cannot scan 2D barcodes. | GS1GUIDE |
Location | a pre-defined type of property for a Thng that stores snapshots of their geographic position over time | A location is stored as a geographic coordinate in GeoJSON format. | EVRYTHNG |
Low-Reflectance Color | one of various colors that mostly absorbs rather than reflects the 660 nm red light wavelength used by some scanners to illuminate packages |
Such colors appear to a red-light scanner as black or as dark shades of gray. Very low-reflectance colors are challenging to enhance effectively except by using a binary pattern. | DMRC |
Luminance (Luma) | brightness in an image |
See Chrominance Luma is typically paired with chrominance – indicating the brightness at which colors are represented. | |
Luminance Enhancement | altering image pixel values so that changes in the image are primarily in luminance (brightness) | See Chrominance Enhancement and Single Channel Enhancement | DMRC |
Message | sequence of bits consisting of a fixed portion identifying the protocol version and a variable portion that contains a user data payload (for example, a GTIN) with the associated error checking (CRC) bits | See CRC | DMRC |
Min Dot | minimum dot percent that can be held at press | Min dot is affected by factors such as the printing process, different plating technologies, and the substrates being printed on. For example, a flexographic printer may have a min dot of 2, meaning a 2% dot is the smallest dot they can successfully print at press. | |
Multi-Channel Enhancement | technique that applies Digimarc digital watermark in plural color channels |
See Single Channel EnhancementandChrominance Enhancement Chrominance enhancement is a form of multi-channel enhancement. | |
Negative Binary Pattern | sparse pattern of Digimarc digital watermark comprised of light dots or holes in a darker background | A Negative Binary Pattern is not an inversion of the dark dots in a Positive Binary Pattern of the same Digimarc digital watermark. Instead, this technique places light dots at the lightest Waxels within a Tile. | DMRC |
Operator | operators interact with the EVRYTHNG Platform through the Dashboard or the REST API and supporting SDKs |
Operators can be assigned access to create, manage and read Thngs, products, projects applications, roles, and Application Users. An Operator can be invited to join other accounts. | EVRYTHNG |
Optical Scanner (Image-Based Scanner) | See Image Scanner | GS1GUIDE | |
Overprint Enhancement | method that adds Digimarc digital watermark in the form of new elements applied over existing artwork | Digimarc digital watermark may also be applied in an underprinted color channel (for example, a binary pattern overprinted with another color channel). | DMRC |
Payload (User-Encoded Data) | binary representation of user encoded data | The payload is encoded using one of several methods of encoding to carry a desired identifier, such as a GTIN. Digimarc detection software uses the term "payload" for conventional data carriers as well as Digimarc digital watermark. In the case of Digimarc watermarks, the payload is comprised of a Digimarc issued identifier, or identifiers corresponding to GS1 AIs, such as GTIN, lot/batch, and so on. | DMRC |
Payoff | metadata associated with a service | Payoffs are user-defined through the Print & Audio or Packaging module. A payoff is typically a URL representing a web experience for an end user who has detected the associated payload in digital media using a mobile application that incorporates the Digimarc Mobile SDK (DM SDK).A payoff,represented in the DCE SDK as a property of a service, is the data returned in response to a resolve request. | |
Permissions | allow the API to determine whether the request is allowed to proceed | A set of permissions is attached to each API key. | EVRYTHNG |
Pixel | smallest element of a display surface that can be independently assigned attributes such as color and intensity |
In digital imaging, a pixel, pel, dot, or picture element is a physical point in a raster image. Each pixel is a sample of an original image; more samples typically provide more accurate representations of the original. The intensity of each pixel is variable. In color imaging systems, a color is typically represented by three or four component intensities such as red, green, and blue; or cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. In image sensors, a pixel is an individual light-sensitive element in an array (for example, CCD (charge-coupled device) or CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) device. Synonymous with picture element. | ISO/IEC 19762 |
Places | resources corresponding to a place in the real world | For example a specific geographic position or an abstract place like an address. A place is used to pinpoint an action with a product or Thng. | EVRYTHNG |
Point of Sale (POS) | the time and place where a retail transaction is completed | aka Point of Purchase (POP) | GS1GUIDE |
Positive Binary Pattern | sparse pattern of Digimarc digital watermark comprised of dark dots on a lighter background | This technique places dark dots at the darkest Waxels within a Tile. | DMRC |
Premedia | any number of activities that happen to a piece of artwork to take it from its original state to a form that is ready for public consumption | The term was initially created as a way to describe the processing of digital and web communications in the same way that prepress described the print production process. | |
Prepress Proof | trial version of a printed item for checking purposes, before the item is printed in quantity |
A contract proof usually serves as an agreement between customer and printer and as a color reference guide for adjusting the press before the final press run. Most contract proofs are prepress proofs. The primary goal of 'proofing' is to serve as a tool for customer confirmation that the entire job is accurate. Prepress proofing (also known as off-press proofing) is a cost-effective way of providing a visual copy without the expense of creating a press proof. If errors are found during the printing process on press, correcting them can prove very costly to one or both parties involved. | |
Press Sheet | sheet printed during a press run and before bindery or conversion functions | Printing industry term, see Merriam-Webster. | |
Process Color | color comprised of percentages of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black (CMYK) typically printed with halftone printing plates |
A type of color model, similar to additive color, which involves “process”colorsthat are a combination of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black, or CMYK inks. Eachprocess coloris comprised of percentages of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks. Extended gamut includes additional colors, such as orange, green, and violet. From Pantone: achieving color in printing is referred to as CMYK, four–color process, 4/c process or even just process. To reproduce a color image, a file is separated into four different colors: Cyan (C), Magenta (M), Yellow (Y), and Black (K). | |
Primary Packaging | layer of packaging in immediate contact with a product; the first packaging layer in which the product is contained | ||
Product | a class of objects: SKU-level (Stock-Keeping Unit) information, such as the name, description, URL, images for that product, and other characteristics that all instances of that product share (size, weight, price, and so on) | A Thng can be linked to a product to indicate its class-inherited characteristics. | EVRYTHNG |
Product Digitization | the act of creating and connecting a Digital Twin in the Digimarc Illuminate platform for a set of physical products for the purpose of enabling digital use cases, such as consumer engagement, brand integrity, and recycling | EVRYTHNG | |
Project | a container for applications and Application Users that provides an easy way to share and work with a subset of the resources that exist in an account | Every account on the EVRYTHNG Platform can contain one or more projects. | EVRYTHNG |
Property | strings, numbers, arrays or objects associated with Thngs and products | Unlike custom fields, changes to properties are timestamped, which allows you to track them over time and view their value history. | EVRYTHNG |
Pub/Sub Broker | a multi-protocol publish/subscribe M2M broker where applications and devices can push and receive notifications (property updates, actions created, and so on) from the EVRYTHNG Platform | EVRYTHNG | |
Raw Image | plot of the reflectance values in x and y coordinates across a two-dimensional image, representing the discrete reflectance values from each pixel of the light-sensitive array |
See Reflectance The raw image can be color or grayscale, the intensity of each pixel being at regularly spaced locations across an image frame. For color image sensors, there is a raw image for each color channel (for example, Red (R), Green (G), Blue (B)). The term, raw image, is not intended to correspond to the .RAW image file format, or the like, which is a minimally processed file from an image sensor. Digimarc detection and verification softwaregenerally works on the interpolated form of the 'raw' data, in which all channels are uniformly represented as identically-sampled one-sample-per-pixel planes (often individually referred to as 'grayscale' channels). | ISO/IEC 15415 |
Reactor | lets the EVRYTHNG Platform react to an action or a property change using custom business logic rules | For example, triggering a Slack alert when a property reaches a certain threshold, or updating SAP when an action is performed. | EVRYTHNG |
Red Light Contrast | difference in grayscale reflectance between a substrate and a color printed on that substrate, when illuminated under red light |
fka Delta660 (Δ660) See Substrate | DMRC |
Red Light Illumination | color of the wavelength of light projected by a barcode scanner into the field of view, typically this is upwards of 620nm |
The color of light used in most retail barcode scanners. In GS1 symbol quality specifications, the narrowband illumination peak wavelength is always 660 nm ± 10nm (via GS1 2D Verification Guidelines). | DMRC |
Redirector | allows developers to set up a redirect for scanned URL/QR codes based on rules, such as time of day or location | For example, a URL (which could easily be encoded in a QR code) could redirect the user based on the day of the week. Not to be confused with Reactor. | EVRYTHNG |
Reflectance | used to determine contrast by measuring the proportion of light or other radiation striking a surface that is reflected off it | Reflectance is measured as the percentage of diffuse light coming back relative to a national standard of white, for example, barium sulfate as 100%. | ISO/IEC 19762 ISO/IEC 15415 |
Resource | a general term to refer to all the data types and objects stored on the EVRYTHNG Platform | For example, Thngs, collections, products, places, actions are all considered resources. | EVRYTHNG |
Restricted Circulation Number (RCN) | GS1 identification numbers used for select applications in restricted environments, defined by the local GS1 Member Organization (for example, restricted within a country, company, or industry) | UPC-A compatible RCNs use various 3 digit prefixes. Common prefixes in US Retail are 02x and 04x | GENSPECS |
Resolve | process by which the Digimarc Resolver service performs a lookup on metadata in a service associated with the payload (user-encoded data) carried in Digimarc watermarks and redirects the user to a URL or image | ||
Robustness | ability of Digimarc digital watermarks to be decoded correctly even if degraded | DMRC | |
Rotation | angular orientation at which Digimarc digital watermark is presented to a decoder | DMRC | |
Scale |
Magnification or shrinking of an image |
Scale varies with the distance between the artwork and the camera system. The Digimarc digital watermark detector determines the scale and rotation of a Digimarc watermark and compensates for geometric distortion using the Synchronization Signal. | DMRC |
Scan Performance Assessment | manual process for grading performance of enhanced packaging on a specific scanner | DMRC | |
Scope | defines by whom resources can be seen, whether in a specific account or project, or by a specific Application User | What you can then do with those resources is governed by permissions of the key used to make any given request. | EVRYTHNG |
Sensor Resolution | number of pixels in a camera sensor. The effective spatial resolution in a digital image is determined by the sensor resolution, lens, and distance from the target. If the lens and the distance are fixed, sensors with more pixels can capture more resolution than sensors with fewer pixels | The more pixels a camera has, the more detail it can capture. | |
Serial Number | code, numeric or alphanumeric, assigned to an individual instance of an entity for its lifetime | GENSPECS | |
Serialization | assignment of a globally unique identifier (according to a standard) to an item or package | Example: Microscopes of model AC-2 made by a manufacturer with Company Prefix of 012345, who assigns serial numbers 1234568 and 1234569 together form serialization. For example, a unique individual item may be identified with the combined Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) and serial number (also called SGTIN). | DMRC |
Service |
online representation of metadata corresponding to a data carrier in the Digimarc Platform | Services are the central data structure in the Digimarc platform defined as extensible data containers that are bound to the encoded data value (payload). They have basic fields including name, description, and tags. More dynamic data, such as a URL response, can be stored and accessed by the resolver. The service is associated with the payload and CPM Path, which are then encoded into a data carrier. The data packet response from the resolver to a device is called the payoff. | |
Short Domain | used for redirections | By default, 'https://tn.gg' is used, but enterprise customers can choose their own domain. | EVRYTHNG |
Short ID | a globally unique, automatically-generated identifier (for example, UYef7Xs7tF39QhR4CAApXhgq) |
Every resource has a Short ID. In addition, for redirection purposes, a shorter ID can be used (for example, 7Bk9E6Rc). These are unique for a given short domain but aren't in themselves globally unique. | EVRYTHNG |
Short URL | the combination of a short domain and a short ID |
The Short URL allows individual Thngs and products in the EVRYTHNG platform to be redirected to a web application. For example, https://tn.gg/7Bk9E6Rc | EVRYTHNG |
Signal Rich™ Art | aesthetically pleasing machine-readable symbols comprising mathematically derived textures and patterns | Signal Rich™ art is not yet available but in development and intended to inspire designers about the future of creating IoT-ready artwork and packaging. | DMRC |
Single Channel Enhancement | technique that applies Digimarc digital watermark in a single Color Channel | See Color Channel, Multi-Channel Enhancement, and Luminance Enhancement | DMRC |
SmartLabel® | program started by the Trading Partner Alliance, a group from Consumer Brands Association and Food Marketing Institute, to define mechanics to deliver web-based product information via digital code on package | GS1GUIDE | |
Software Development Kit (SDK) | software libraries that enable third-party developers to incorporate Digimarc's intellectual property within their applications | ||
Spot Color | color generated by an ink (pure or mixed) that is printed using a single run | This is different from a process color, which is produced by overlaying a series of dots on multiple impressions using different colors. | |
Spot Color Enhancement | technique that applies Digimarc digital watermark to a spot color | DMRC | |
Static data | data that is fixed across a GTIN and will not change | GS1GUIDE | |
Stride | the number of bytes from the memory address in the first pixel of one row to the memory address of the first pixel of the next row |
Also called pitch, increment, and step size. When an image is stored in memory, the memory buffer sometimes contains extra padding bytes after each row of pixels. These extra bytes affect how the image is stored in memory, but they don't affect how the image is displayed. pixel_stride: the number of bytes occupied in memory of one pixel in an image line_stride: the number of bytes occupied in memory by a row of pixels in an image | |
Substrate | base material to be printed on | ||
Symbology Identifier | standard that defines how scan data is transmitted over an interface from a scanner to some host system | It defines identifiers for the data type and framing information for each bundle of data. | |
Synchronization Signal (Grid) | reference signal that facilitates detection and geometric registration of a Digimarc digital watermark | DMRC | |
Syntax | format for expressing data | ||
Task | an asynchronous operation that can be performed on a batch, such as creating or updating Thngs | EVRYTHNG | |
Telemetry | process of gathering andmeasuring data and informationon targeted variables in technology systems | ||
Thermal Label | label printed without using ink by applying heat to a chemically treated substrate that turns a darker color | Thermal labelsare frequently used in short-lived applications such as in retail stores on fresh foods and bulk goods to communicate product information, including ingredients, expiration dates, and other data often carried by barcodes. | |
Thng | a unique instance of a product | A Thng acts as a digital container for a physical product, for example, the smart plug in your living room, the t-shirt you're wearing, or the can of soda you're drinking. | EVRYTHNG |
THNGHUB | a Local Cloud Gateway to the EVRYTHNG platform | THNGHUB is a lightweight modular software application that lets you integrate non-IP protocols to the Web and allows local control of connected products. | EVRYTHNG |
Tile | fundamental unit of Digimarc digital watermark, formed by combining an encoded message and Synchronization Signal in a two-dimensional area, which is repeated in whole or in part across artwork or a label |
See Waxel The size of a Tile depends on the resolution of the Digimarc digital watermark in Waxels Per Inch (WPI). For example, a Tile of 128 by 128 waxels at 75 WPI is 43.4 mm x 43.4 mm (1.7 in x 1.7 in), and at 150 WPI is 21.7 x 21.7 mm (0.85 in x 0.85 in). | DMRC |
Trade Item | any item (product or service) with a need to retrieve pre-defined information and that may be priced, or ordered, or invoiced at any point in any supply chain | GENSPECS | |
Translation | x and y offset of coordinates in an image block (detection block) relative to coordinates of waxels in a Tile | In addition to rotation and scale, the first stage of the Digimarc detector also determines the X and Y translation offset or shift of waxel coordinates in a Tile using the phase information of the synchronization signal. This translation information enables the detector to extract estimates of the Digimarc digital watermark at waxel coordinates within a Tile. | |
UnifiedPOS (UPOS) | architectural specification for application interfaces to point-of-service devices that are used in a retail environment |
UPOS is an abstract object model for peripherals at a POS system, everything from the scanner to the cash drawer. UPOS has no knowledge of how those devices communicate to the host system, as long as the drivers for those devices offer an API that conforms to the UPOS object model. Behind the scenes, the UPOS drivers for a scanner may be using AIM or some proprietary interface defined by the scanner manufacturer. See Wikipedia | |
Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) | string of characters to identify a resource | ||
Use Case | a business process that can be serviced by the Digimarc Illuminate platform for digitized products | DMRC | |
Validation | process of checking that the data carried in Digimarc digital watermark is both accurate and consistent | DMRC | |
Validation Point | location in enhanced artwork that is designated for quality evaluation | A data validation process checks the GTIN carried in Digimarc digital watermark, within an inspection area centered at this point, to determine whether the GTIN is correct and consistent with the GTIN in other areas and any 1D barcode in the artwork. | DMRC |
Variable Data Printing (VDP) | form of digital printing, including on-demand printing, in which print elements such as text, graphics, and images may be changed from one printed piece to the next by using information from a database or external file, without stopping or slowing down the printing process | Variable data printing enables the printing of variable barcodes, barcodes in which the payload may be changed from one printed piece to the next, for example, at the lot, batch, consumer product variant (CPV), or item level. | |
Variable-Measure Trade Item | trade item that may be traded without a pre-defined measure, such as its weight or length | GS1GUIDE | |
Verification | activity of measuring Fidelity according to a standard and performing data Validation | See FidelityandValidation | DMRC |
Version | fixed protocol portion of a message, identifying how to decode the variable portion of the message | DMRC | |
Visual Appearance | subjective judgment of the visibility of Digimarc digital watermark within artwork by the human eye | fka Visibility, Perceptibility | DMRC |
Watermarking Element (Waxel) | spatial cell in a tile to which a component of a message and synchronization signal may be mapped | See Tile | DMRC |
Waxels Per Inch (WPI) | resolution of Digimarc digital watermark represented as waxels per inch | DMRC |
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